{"id":37754,"date":"2024-04-25T15:39:54","date_gmt":"2024-04-25T13:39:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/?page_id=37754"},"modified":"2025-12-10T18:18:51","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T16:18:51","slug":"attachment-based-therapy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/psychology\/attachment-based-therapy\/","title":{"rendered":"Attachment-Based Therapy: Overcoming Childhood Trauma and Improving Relationships"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>\r\n    h1{\r\n        font-size: 48px!important;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    #gutenberg-content #text_imageblock_b7b1553bdbfb8a56baa2c8d91407374b h1, #gutenberg-content #text_imageblock_b7b1553bdbfb8a56baa2c8d91407374b h2, #gutenberg-content #text_imageblock_b7b1553bdbfb8a56baa2c8d91407374b h3,\r\n    #gutenberg-content #text_imageblock_b7b1553bdbfb8a56baa2c8d91407374b h4 {\r\n        letter-spacing: 0.02em;\r\n        color: #513D62;\r\n        font-weight: 700;\r\n        line-height: 1.3;\r\n   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overview\" width=\"2250\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy.webp 2250w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-1024x683.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-1536x1024.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-2048x1365.webp 2048w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-2000x1333.webp 2000w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-1500x1000.webp 1500w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-1000x667.webp 1000w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-800x533.webp 800w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-750x500.webp 750w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-617x411.webp 617w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-600x400.webp 600w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-150x100.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-500x333.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-400x267.webp 400w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-247x165.webp 247w, https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/therapy-110x73.webp 110w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2250px) 100vw, 2250px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Attachment-based therapy<\/strong> (not to be confused with attachment therapy) is a form of counseling that helps people overcome the adult perceptions and behaviors that result from their childhood experiences. With the help of a <strong>licensed attachment-based therapist<\/strong>, it\u2019s possible to learn how to trust others and form healthy, mutually fulfilling relationships as an adult.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re wondering if attachment-based therapy is right for you, this article addresses the following information:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What attachment-based therapy is<\/li>\n<li>How attachment-based therapists work to achieve change<\/li>\n<li>The techniques or steps involved in attachment-based therapy<\/li>\n<li>The benefits of attachment-based therapy<\/li>\n<li>What attachment-based family therapy (ABFT) is and who it\u2019s suited for<\/li>\n<li>How to find an attachment-based therapist<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Plus, if you\u2019re wondering if you could benefit from attachment-based therapy because you might have an insecure attachment style, you can take the <a href=\"https:\/\/quiz.attachmentproject.com\">Attachment Styles Quiz<\/a> on our website to receive a free report.<\/p>\n<h2>What Is Attachment-Based Therapy?<\/h2>\n<p>Our early experiences with attachment figures shape the perceptions and actions we develop in adult relationships. If we form an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/insecure-attachment-in-childhood\/\">insecure attachment style<\/a>, we can develop maladaptive ways of viewing the world, others, and ourselves. <em>Attachment-based therapy<\/em> focuses on the effects of these early relationships on our ability to lead healthy adult relationships, as well as their influence on our motivation and goal orientation.<\/p>\n<p>Attachment-based therapists engender positive change by aiming to foster a secure therapeutic dynamic with clients to promote healthier patterns of communication, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/emotional-regulation\/\">emotion regulation<\/a>, perception, and behaviors.<\/p>\n<p>The origins of attachment-based therapy are rooted in the work of psychoanalyst <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/attachment-theory\/john-bowlby\/\">John Bowlby<\/a>\u2019s work in the 1960s. Deviating from the traditional psychoanalytic perspective, Bowlby proposed that children need a secure, stable bond with at least one primary caregiver. Children who form such a bond tend to feel confident in exploring their environment, fostering healthy connections with others, learning from new experiences, and becoming goal-oriented.<\/p>\n<p>Based on Bowlby\u2019s original theory, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/attachment-theory\/mary-ainsworth\/\">Mary Ainsworth<\/a> created the individual <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/four-attachment-styles\/\">attachment styles<\/a> (secure, avoidant, and anxious) based on her observations from The Strange Situation paradigm. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/attachment-theory\/mary-main\/\">Mary Main<\/a> \u2013 Ainsworth\u2019s postgraduate student \u2013 noted a specific group of children who didn\u2019t fit into these categories and suggested the disorganized attachment style.<\/p>\n<p>Before we proceed further, it\u2019s important to make the distinction between attachment-based therapy and the \u201cattachment therapies\u201d created in the 1970s. These attachment therapies are not evidence-based and were devised to manage behavioral issues associated with developmental conditions such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/autism-and-attachment\/\">ASD<\/a>. Therefore, attachment therapy is not accepted in mainstream psychological or medical practice as it has been documented as potentially causing both psychological and physical harm.<\/p>\n<h2>How do Attachment-Based Therapists Work<\/h2>\n<p>Attachment-based therapists are licensed practitioners in the areas of either psychology, social work, psychotherapy, or another form of licensed mental health practice. When choosing an attachment-based therapist it\u2019s important to make sure they are qualified to practice in the area to ensure effective and timely results.<\/p>\n<p>During therapy, your therapist will aim to help you \u201ctake back control,\u201d rebuild your trust in others, and regulate your emotions effectively. Healthy regulation of emotions is of particular importance because people who struggle in this area due to childhood difficulties are often prone to repeating patterns of difficult interpersonal relationships. This may be due to a phenomenon called repetition compulsion. This phenomenon was coined by Freud to describe the innate need to recreate the conditions of childhood in the hopes of achieving a different result.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, the success of attachment-based therapy comes down to the therapeutic relationship. Once a secure bond is formed between the client and therapist, the therapist can facilitate trust, open the channels of communication, and increase understanding of how current patterns are due to early experiences.<\/p>\n<h2>Techniques and Interventions Used in Attachment Therapy<\/h2>\n<p>Just as with other forms of psychotherapy, attachment-based therapy tends to take a fluid approach according to the individual&#8217;s progress and readiness for change. For this reason, there\u2019s no strict \u201cstep-by-step\u201d process. However, typically, attachment-based therapy does go through the following stages when affecting change.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Exploration and reflection on childhood experiences<\/h3>\n<p>This stage helps to increase understanding of how early experiences continue to manifest in adult perceptions and actions. Plus, engaging in a narrative about childhood trauma in a safe environment can help the individual regain a sense of control and manage mood disorders such as anxiety and depression.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Focusing on and \u201cre-parenting\u201d the needs of the inner child<\/h3>\n<p>Re-parenting the inner child involves compassionately listening and attending to childhood needs that were left unmet and continue to influence behaviors as an adult. Furthermore, during this process, an attachment-based therapist can highlight strengths and attributes to help you recognize that you don\u2019t need external validation from others.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Shifting attention to current interpersonal relationships<\/h3>\n<p>Once satisfactory progress has been made with the initial stages of attachment-based therapy, attention can be diverted to adult romantic, familial, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/friendship-and-attachment-styles\/\">friendship<\/a>, and workplace dynamics. This stage will include strategies that promote understanding of other peoples\u2019 perspectives, your own actions within the dynamic, and how relationships are reciprocal.<\/p>\n<h3>4. Extending therapy to others<\/h3>\n<p>After a period of one-to-one therapy, your therapist may suggest strengthening your bond with the important people in your life by bringing them into the therapeutic dynamic. This may include romantic partners, family members, or a group of people significant to you.<\/p>\n<p>Strategies that some attachment-based therapists use include the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/psychology\/ideal-parent-figure-protocol\/\">Ideal Parent Figure (IPF) protocol<\/a> or method and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).<\/p>\n<h3>The <em>Ideal Parent Figure<\/em> (IPF) Method<\/h3>\n<p>According to the concept of IPF, there are five key conditions of secure attachment that an attachment therapist should recreate to help their client. These conditions are:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Felt safety<\/li>\n<li>A sense of being seen and known<\/li>\n<li>Felt comfort<\/li>\n<li>Sense of being valued<\/li>\n<li>Felt support for fostering independence and growth<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Based on these conditions, the therapist will work with the client to visualize or imagine having ideal parent figures \u2013 even if this is something they did not directly experience. Through such visualizations, the client can learn skills such as self-compassion and self-soothing. Over time, repeated visualizations can forge and strengthen new neural pathways that mimic those of people with continuous secure attachment from childhood.<\/p>\n<h3><em>Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><em>Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing<\/em> (EMDR) is a form of psychotherapy that can also be used within attachment-based therapy to help clients process past trauma.<\/p>\n<p>EMDR combines talk therapy with side-to-side eye movements in a structured manner to help process the negative imagery, emotions, beliefs, and bodily sensations that result from traumatic experiences. This process is especially helpful for people who tend to feel \u201cstuck\u201d in the negative feelings of their childhood.<\/p>\n<p>Ultimately, the aim of EMDR is to help people see things from a more objective perspective, and thereby relieve the distress associated with negative experiences in childhood.<\/p>\n<h2>What are the Benefits of Attachment-Based Therapy?<\/h2>\n<p>The benefits of attachment-based therapy include helping people with insecure early attachments learn how to trust others, regulate their emotions effectively, and meet their own emotional needs as adults.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, attachment-based therapy helps the individual foster a sense of security and stability, which, in turn, helps them to regulate their emotions. These skills can then be transferred to other areas, such as socializing and goal orientation, leading to better self-esteem, confidence, and overall quality of life.<\/p>\n<p>However, just like with other forms of therapy, the effectiveness of attachment-based therapy depends on factors such as the therapeutic relationship, and the individual\u2019s readiness for change and willingness to be vulnerable in sessions. Furthermore, depending on the individual&#8217;s age, attachment-based family therapy may be more effective.<\/p>\n<h2>Attachment-Based Family Therapy<\/h2>\n<p>Attachment-based family therapy (ABFT) is designed to capitalize on children\u2019s and adolescents\u2019 innate desires for secure, emotionally connected relationships. ABFT has been shown to be effective in the treatment of adolescent mood disorders, suicidal ideation, and trauma.<\/p>\n<p>Similar to attachment-based therapy, ABFT is rooted in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/four-attachment-styles\/\">attachment theory<\/a> and is fluid in its process. However, ABFT includes caregivers or parents in sessions and follows a clear structure to help therapists address <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/psychology\/repair-rupture\/\">attachment ruptures<\/a> in the caregiver-child dynamic which are causing psychological distress. Once the core of the conflict is understood, the therapist can facilitate change as quickly as possible.<\/p>\n<p>Instead of immediately targeting problem behaviors, ABFT starts by uncovering the reasons why a child or adolescent doesn\u2019t feel secure when turning to their caregivers for emotional support. Uncovering these reasons helps the child develop new cognitive and emotional coping skills and helps caregivers understand how to embody more successful parenting techniques.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Find an Attachment Therapist<\/h2>\n<p>The first step in finding an attachment therapist is recognizing if it is something you truly need. Attachment theory is somewhat \u201cen vogue\u201d at the moment, but to determine if you have attachment issues it\u2019s good to read about the different attachment styles and how they form. The Attachment Project\u2019s articles on the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/secure-attachment\/\">secure<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/anxious-attachment\/\">anxious<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/avoidant-attachment-style\/\">avoidant<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/disorganized-attachment\/\">disorganized<\/a> attachment styles can help.<\/p>\n<p>If you determine that you could benefit from attachment therapy, the next step is to research licensed attachment-based therapy practitioners in your area. A Google search will provide you with the information you need. Once you narrow down your search, you can ask prospective therapists questions along the lines of the following to determine \u201cbest fit\u201d for your needs.<\/p>\n<p>Ask a therapist if they can help you:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Understand the attachment spectrum and where you land on it<\/li>\n<li>Recognize how your emotions connect with your early experiences<\/li>\n<li>Link your cognitions (thoughts and beliefs) with your emotions and actions<\/li>\n<li>See how your attachment beliefs, thoughts, and actions are affecting your adult relationships<\/li>\n<li>Use all of this information to help you create an action plan for positive change<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Perhaps the most important factor in choosing an attachment therapist is being wary of anyone who promises they can \u201cchange your attachment style\u201d \u2013 especially if they say it can be done in a specific time frame. Ultimately, the goal of therapy should be to help you transition toward a more secure, stable attachment (called <a href=\"https:\/\/www.attachmentproject.com\/blog\/earned-secure-attachment\/\">\u201cearned\u201d secure attachment<\/a>) by helping you understand and manage attachment triggers. In time, you can learn how to deactivate childhood emotional connections or schemas (templates) and create new, healthier ones that promote fulfillment in relationships and in general.<\/p>\n<h2>Final Thoughts on Attachment-Based Therapy<\/h2>\n<p>Attachment therapy can be valuable in helping people with insecure early attachments learn how to trust others, regulate their emotions, and meet their own emotional needs as adults. However, the effectiveness of attachment-based therapy depends on the therapeutic relationship and the individual\u2019s unique needs, ability to be vulnerable, and readiness for change.<\/p>\n<p>If you\u2019re wondering if attachment-based therapy is right for you, learn about the different attachment styles and do your research on licensed attachment-based therapists in your area. Additionally, remember that the goal shouldn\u2019t be to become securely attached in a specific time frame. \u201cEarned\u201d secure attachment involves moving in the direction of healthier thoughts, feelings, and behaviors \u2013 not fighting to override your internal working models. With patience, self-compassion, and the right therapeutic strategies, you can transition towards a more secure attachment and increased fulfillment in general.<\/p>\n            <\/div>\r\n        <\/div>\r\n            <\/div>\r\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"block-wrapper py-4 \" id=\"block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24\" style=\" max-width: 900px;\">\n    <div class=\"d-flex justify-content-center\">\n        <button class=\"references-btn\" type=\"button\" data-toggle=\"collapse\"\n                data-target=\"#block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24-references-collapse\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24-references-collapse\">\n            References\n        <\/button>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"references-text collapse mt-3\" id=\"block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24-references-collapse\">\n        <p style=\"text-align: center;\">Brown, D. P., &amp; Elliott, D. S. (2016). Attachment Disturbances in Adults: Treatment for Comprehensive Repair. New York: W.W. Norton.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Diamond, G., Diamond, G. M., &amp; Levy, S. (2021). Attachment-Based Family Therapy: Theory, Clinical Model, Outcomes, and Process Research. <em>Journal of Affective Disorders<\/em>, 294, 286.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Dozier, M. (2003) Attachment-based treatment for vulnerable children. <em>Attachment &amp; Human Development<\/em>, 5(3): 253-257.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Ewing, S., Diamond, G., &amp; Levy, S. (2015). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/25778674\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Attachment-based family therapy for depressed and suicidal adolescents; theory, clinical model and empirical support<\/a>. <em>Attachment &amp; Human Development<\/em>, 17(2): 136-156.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">O&#8217;Connor, T. G., &amp; Zeanah, C. H. (2003). Attachment disorders: Assessment strategies and treatment approaches. <em>Attachment &amp; Human Development<\/em>, 5(3), 223\u2013244.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Turner, M., Beckwith, H., &amp; Duschinsky, R. (2019). Attachment difficulties and disorders. <em>InnovAiT<\/em>, 12(4), 173.<\/p>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<style>\n    #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24 p, #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24 li, a{\n        color:#333840;\n    }\n\n    #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24 ul li, #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24 ol li {\n        margin-bottom: 10px;\n    }\n\n    #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24 ul li:last-child {\n        margin-bottom: 0;\n    }\n\n    #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24    .references-btn {\n        color: #ffffff;\n        background: #513d62 !important;\n        border-radius: 15px !important;\n        font-family: \"Family\", sans-serif;\n        font-size: 30px !important;\n        padding:  0px 28px!important;\n        font-weight: 700 !important;\n        height: 52px;\n        display: flex;\n        align-items: center;\n    }\n\n    #block_f6d3ed2cff32b387554766b7f81c1a24    .references-btn:focus {\n        border:none;\n        outline: 0;\n    }\n<\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"parent":23224,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-v2.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-37754","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Attachment-Based Therapy Explained: Techniques and Benefits - Attachment Project<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover how attachment-based therapy can help overcome childhood influences on adult relationships. 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